Three Greek Temples on Sicily are now very different.
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May 30, 2024 7:10 am
May 30, 2024 7:13 am
Exploring Chaco Canyon - Mysterious Ancient Ruins and the Archaeological Wonder of the USA
The Anasazi or Ancestral Puebloans created these fantastic structures, more than a thousand years ago, with hundreds of rooms, multiple stories tall, astrologically aligned, and with mysterious purposes. Road networks, line of sight signaling, amazing architecture and hundreds of thousands of logs hauled from tens of miles away, only to leave them around 1150, never to return. While they "abandonment" and the mysterious "dissapearance of the anasazi" have been much touted or explained with mysticism or even extraterrestrials, the truth is much more fascinating! See these amazing remnants built and then abandoned by the ancestors of todays Pueblo peoples, who did not "vanish" but moved elsewhere. See how to get to Chaco Canyon, how many ruins you can see in one winter day, and how accessible they are, Then climb on top of the cliffs and look down into the canyon at Pueblo Bonito, one of the ancient architectural wonders of the world... right in our backyard!!
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May 30, 2024 8:36 am
Colombia: El Morro del Tulcan and La Ciudad Perdida
El Morro del Tulcan
Located in Popayán, Colombia, El Morro del Tulcan (“Tulcan Hill”) is an indigenous pyramid and archaeological site. The pyramid was constructed in the pre-Columbian period, now known as “the Delayed Cacicales Societies,” sometime between 1600 - 500 BCE. Unfortunately, there is no record of the pre-Hispanic history of Popayán. However, it is known that a native population existed prior to Spanish colonization, including individuals that archaeologists found buried in El Morro del Tulcan. Thanks to dental sample analysis, researchers believe these natives came from the pinnacle of their society’s social class structure.
When the Spanish Empire did arrive in Popayán in 1535 CE, El Morro del Tulcan was already abandoned. Today, a statue dedicated to Conquistador Sebastian de Belacazar, who carried out the Spanish foundation of Popayán, stands on the pyramid. The location of the statue on an indigenous monument remains controversial.
POPAYÁN: En el Morro de TÚLCAN, hay una CIUDAD bajo tierra. ¿Estuvimos en una tormenta eléctrica?
Esta es la historia del Morro de Tulcán en Popayán, un lugar misterioso e histórico que ha desconcertado a arqueólogos desde su descubrimiento en 1957. En este video, exploramos los fascinantes hallazgos de los estudios realizados en el Morro y su posible conexión con una antigua civilización perdida. Además, el descubrimiento de la nueva pirámide de Molanga en las cercanías del Morro. ¿Qué secretos se ocultan bajo estas estructuras ancestrales?
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El Morro Popayan Colombia
The pyramid was constructed in the pre-Columbian period, approximately between 1600 - 500 BC; the period which is now known as "the Delayed Cacicales Societies". On this pyramid a statue dedicated to the conquistador Sebastián de Belalcázar exists today; he carried out the Spanish foundation of Popayán. The location of the statue of the Conquistador on an indigenous monument is controversial.
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El Morro del Tulcán (lit. Tulcán Hill) is an Indigenous pyramid[1] in Popayán, Colombia.[2]
The pyramid was constructed in the pre-Columbian period, approximately between 1600–500 BCE; the period which is now known as "Late Chieftain Societies". On this pyramid a statue dedicated to the Conquistador Sebastián de Belalcázar existed from 1937 to 2020.[3]
Archaeological excavations[edit]
During archaeological excavations carried out in 1957 by Hernan Cubillos, director of the Ethnological Institute of the University of Cauca, during that time it was determined that the site "was a special formation, whose cover material is made up mainly of lateritic clays". The indigenous people had built this pre-Hispanic pyramid with clay adobes and filled with earth for the celebration of funeral rites. The author indicated that "the structure was manifested occasionally through a detachment of the superficial layer that revealed some species of adobes".[1]
The top of the structure was decapitated and the walls that determined it disappeared with the start of several works around the hill, generating in its wake, the destruction of the "pre-Hispanic cuspid shaped top". According to Cubillos, this occurred around 1940 when the municipality celebrated the fourth centenary of foundation of the city of Popayan, "the leveling of the hill was carried out, in order to create a platform to place the equestrian statue of the conquistador Sebastián de Belalcázar on that site and carry out ornamentation work".[1]
The Morro de Tulcán as it is known throughout the world is visited by thousands of people who can see from the platform imposed there the city in population growth but little is known that "the cut part destroyed two walls that determined it, according to the evidence obtained in our excavations were artificial and also made of adobe and filler”.[1] Today, the hill is deforested and superficially covered with “natural grass or kikuyu grass” replacing the natural shrubby vegetation of the time.
According to Londoño (2011),[4] the dating of this pre-Hispanic pyramid is still to be determined with more precision, as well as the realization of more archaeological investigations, as that of Cubillos is the only official investigation that has been made. Political events occurred in September 2020 led to the demolition of the Spanish monument, as a result the University of Cauca announced that the archaeological studies in the area would be resumed, as a way of symbolic restitution.[5]
Photographs of Excavations[edit]
Wikipedia
La Ciudad Perdida, Colombia
El Morro del Tulcan is as impressive and historically significant as La Ciudad Perdida but somehow it is not as well-known nor well studied. El Morro del Tulcan is located in Popayan and it's roughly 140 kilometers south of Cali and east of the Pacific Ocean while La Ciudad Perdida is 251 kilometers east of Cartegena, and it faces the Caribbean Sea. The Pubenza people inhabited El Morro del Tulcan in Popayan, while the Tairona people inhabited La Ciudad Perdida.
Evidently more of these ancient massive structures are waiting to be discovered in Colombia that are hidden in the deep jungles and in plain sight. Colombia is the entry point of South America for early Amerindians. We have to consider that the earliest settlements in the continent had to be found in this particular region especially. Central America is the bottleneck that allowed trade from North America to South America and vice versa.
May 30, 2024 10:39 pm
El Morro del Tulcan (Popayan, Colombia) is amongst the tallest and largest pyramids in the Americas standing roughly 50 meters in height. The tallest pyramid in the Americas is Tonina while the largest overall is Cholula, both ancient sites are located in Mexico.
Although Cahokia Mound in USA is considered the official largest earthen mound in the world, El Morro del Tulcan is not only taller but possibly even larger in size overall. This underrated ancient site located in Popayan, Colombia should be considered both the tallest and largest earthen mound.
El Morro del Tulcan is dated from 1600 and 500 BCE which makes it much older than El Mirador dated from 1000 BC to 250 AD. El Morro del Tulcan predates several Preclassic Maya sites.
El Morro del Tulcan
Cholula
El Mirador
Tonina
Cahokia
El Morro de Tulcán is a massive quadrangular earthen mound located near Popayán in the sierra of southwestern Colombia. This structure towers over the surrounding landscape with a height of 50 meters at its highest point. This pyramid is an anomaly within the surrounding cultural vicinity, as quadrangular earthen mounds in particular are nonexistent in the southern Colombian highlands. The closest region of such earthen mound development is in high concentrations in northern Ecuador, amongst the Caras of the sierra and Yumbos of the western montaña, roughly 300 km southwest. Research at El Morro has revealed some peculiar similarities with quadrangular earthen mounds from northern Ecuador; however unlike northern Ecuador, this Colombian earthen mound was characterized by adobe brick construction. The aim of this paper is to contextualize El Morro de Tulcán within the northern Ecuadorian-southern Colombian region and to better understand the nature of this cultural isolate.
Article
Are there pyramids in Colombia?El Morro del Tulcán (lit. Tulcán Hill) is an Indigenous pyramid in Popayán, Colombia. The pyramid was constructed in the pre-Columbian period, approximately between 1600–500 BCE; the period which is now known as "Late Chieftain Societies".
May 31, 2024 11:04 am
What Happened to The Magellan 18 after Leaving Spain
( Scroll to 3:06 in the video, the narrator mentions the ethnicity of the crewmembers that sailed on the San Antonio, Concepcion, Victoria, Trinidad and Santiago. These 5 Spanish ships were actually built by Basque people. )
65% Spanish (218 men, most notable is Elcano, a Basque navigator)
16% Portuguese (25 men, including Magellan himself)
19% Italian (27 men, most notable is Pigafetta, a Venetian scholar)
270 men total on board the 5 ships that sailed off from Sevilla, Spain.
However other sources will tell you that there were other Europeans and non-Europeans that were on board the ships such as 8 Greeks and one Filipino or Malaysian named Enrique of Malacca, and plus more. Some sources say that Enrique was the first man to circumnavigate the globe when he arrived in his homeland in the Philippines in 1521. Other sources suggest that he almost circumnavigated the globe because on a previous Portuguese expedition to the Spice Islands, he was pick up as an interpreter by Magellan in 1511 in Malacca city, Malaysia and then later on, he was brought to Europe. In order for Enrique to complete his epic voyage around the world, he had to return back to Malaysia in 1521. However, Pigafetta stated that he is from the Sumatra Island of Indonesia. Regardless of where he is from originally, Enrique decided to stay behind in Cebu, Philippines instead of continuing his expedition because he felt that he was back home where he belongs, and this was the opportune time for him to bail out and win his freedom back. If he had to continue on the voyage back to Spain, then he might never see his home again. He believed firmly that he would never be repatriated back to his homeland in Southeast Asia.
Although there were originally 270 men on board the ships, Magellan and his crew managed to pick up a Brazilian Amerindian, 2 Patagonian Giants, several Guamanians, and plus more along the way. Unfortunately, none of them made it back to Spain.
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8 Greeks
Magellan's Eight Greeks that Sailed Around the Globe (greekreporter.com)
The Greek sailors who explored with Magellan
Very few know that in the end of the first journey around the planet there were eight Greeks, and that the pilot of 'Victoria', the only ship that managed to return, was Greek. His name was Francisco Albo and he was from Chios island.
Sep 16, 2022