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Gold Of Ancient Panama At Gilcrease Museum

 

 

PUBLISHED: AUGUST 9, 2011

 

Seahorse effigy pendant, Gran Coclé, 700‱500, gold.

 

Seahorse effigy pendant, Gran Coclé, 700‱500, gold.

 

“To Capture the Sun: Gold of Ancient Panama” explores the Gilcrease Museum’s unique holdings of pre-Columbian gold and related ritual ceramics in the largest display of these objects since their acquisition by Thomas Gilcrease in the 1940s.

 

The exhibition runs through January 15 in the Getty Gallery, and showcases artifacts originally used in the ritual practices of the people of Gran Coclé (the cultural area of ancient Central America that extends geographically from the Bay of Parita to the headwaters of the Rio Grande de Coclé in central Panama). The exhibition includes more than 200 items †gold artifacts used as personal adornments and symbols of authority for social, political and religious elites. A portion of the exhibit examines the rise of metallurgy in the Western Hemisphere and the role that the creation and use of gold ornaments played in the complex cultural networks of early central Panama.

On view are items that demonstrate the complex methods of lost wax casting and the creation of gold-copper tumbaga alloys that became signature processes in the region. It explores the making of gold objects and the role that these processes served in maintaining and enhancing connections with the cosmic forces of ancient belief.

Also revealed is the symbolic and economic significance of gold in the region from pre-Columbian times through the Spanish Conquest, as well as the influence of pre-Columbian gold on the world economies of today.

 

Winged pendant, Gran Coclé, 700‱500, gold.

 

Winged pendant, Gran Coclé, 700‱500, gold.

 

Over the course of several centuries †from around 700 to 1500 †the people of Gran Coclé practiced elaborate rituals to commemorate the passing of cultural elites. In the sanctity of underground tombs, the remains of important leaders were interred, often along with their retinue. The bodies of these elites were adorned with intricate gold jewelry †incised plaques, finely worked arm bands and bracelets, necklaces †as well as an assortment of human and animal effigy pins and pendants that had previously marked a given leader’s station in life. The burials included the careful placement of ornately decorated ceramic bowls, plates and other containers used in the ongoing veneration of the dead.

 

“To Capture the Sun: Gold of Ancient Panama” revisits the famed early scientific excavations at Sitio Conte, where archaeologists unearthed a treasure trove of gold artifacts and polychrome ceramics in the 1930s. The exhibition presents the ongoing archaeological research in the region that continues to reveal new information on a still mysterious past, exploring these ancient societies and their use of gold not only in complex burial rites, but also as symbols of power, wealth and privilege.

A companion book,To Capture the Sun: Gold of Ancient Panama, will be published in October and will be available at the museum.

The museum is at 1400 North Gilcrease Museum Road. More information is at http://gilcrease.utulsa.edu or 918-596-2700.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Gold Of Ancient Panama At Gilcrease Museum - Antiques And The Arts WeeklyAntiques And The Arts Weekly

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Panama's pre-Hispanic golden artifacts stored out of sight

 

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Nine years ago, a trove of intricate gold artifacts were uncovered at a little-known archaeological site in Panama. The treasures dating from over 1,000 years ago included gold beads, strange ceramic pots, and chest plates engraved with delicate designs in forms such as a squid and human face.

But since their discovery by archaeologist Julia Mayo in 2008, those artifacts have also sat in bank vaults and preservation offices in Panama City, leaving the country's little-known archaeological heritage an unintentionally well-guarded secret because the country has no archaeological museum.

Despite Panama's growing commerce and tourism industry, visitors have little opportunity to find out about the country's rich past.

That has left dozens of the startlingly beautiful pieces largely hidden from public view, even as the number of visitors flocking to see the country's skyscraper-studded capital and massive interoceanic canal has more than doubled from 1.1 million in 2011 to 2.6 million in 2016.

The artifacts, which were found in extensive graves at the Necropolis of El Cano, a site 115 miles (185 kilometers) west of Panama City, include jewelry and decorative objects interred in rich burial offerings.

The tombs, some containing remains of as many as 42 people, were constructed between 700 and 1020 AD by a largely unknown people in an archaeological region known as Gran Cocle.

 

As experts have worked to understand their cultural significance, however, they have also begun to turn their attention to establishing a permanent home for them.

Officials are working to remodel a now-closed archaeological museum in downtown Panama City and to open a site at the ruins to put the artifacts on display.

Panama City's Reina Torres de Arauz Museum was closed five years ago and is awaiting repairs, but is expected to be reopened in 2019.

 

Orlando Hernandez, museum coordinator for the National Culture Institute, said the country's museums have long been in decline.

"The public is seeing the imperative necessity for Panama to have some museums that reflect the economic development that we have, but it is an old problem for almost 40 years and we can't fix it one day to the next," he said.

Panama is currently the only Central American country without such a museum.

As a temporary fix in the meantime, officials hope to spruce up a small museum at the excavation site that could be used to display some of the discoveries.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Panama's pre-Hispanic golden artifacts stored out of sight (phys.org)

 

 

 

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Stories of a lost treasure in a remote canyon led me to backpacking for 3 days in hopes of finding it.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

While Backpacking, I found America's Buried Treasure

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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The ancient stone map dating back to 200 BC to 200 AD has been discovered in Colima, Mexico.         Source: INAH

Ancient Settlement Network Found Mapped in Stone in Mexico

Archaeologists from the Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH) have confirmed the discovery of an ancient stone map carved into a volcanic rock in Colima, Mexico dating from between 200 BC and 200 AD. Carved on the face of a 1.7 meter-high (5.77 ft) basalt volcanic rock, that had been ejected from a prehistoric eruption at the Colima volcano some 14 kilometers (8.7 miles) away, the map’s small carved circular features show the position of ancient settlements. According to researchers, the map represents the territorial organization within a group of indigenous, Pre-Columbian, native settlements around Colima.

Staff from the INAH Colima Center inspecting the newly discovered Mexican stone map that predates the Chanal or Postclassic Colimense phase (1000–1500 AD). (Image: Arqlgo. Rafael Platas Ruiz. INAH-Colima)

Staff from the INAH Colima Center inspecting the newly discovered Mexican stone map that predates the Chanal or Postclassic Colimense phase (1000–1500 AD) . (Image: Arqlgo. Rafael Platas Ruiz. INAH-Colima)

 

Ancient Mexican Map Stones and Why They Are Significant

 

Julio Ignacio Martínez de la Rosa, head of the INAH, said the significance and meaning of the new stone map was based on “a study of the designs and patterns as well as a comparison to similar petroglyphs found in the region.” The map contains both orographic and hydrological features. The carved hollows, representing locally situated villages, and a series of lines between the ancient settlements were found to correspond with the geographical landscape of the southern slope of the Colima volcano, with ravines and rivers all clearly apparent.

Archaeologists determined that the context dating of the newly discovered map does not correspond with the Chanal or Postclassic Colimense phase (1000–1500 AD). Instead, the new map style is more closely aligned with early tombs from the Late Pre-classic and Early Classic periods between 200 BC and 200 AD. Archaeologist Rafael Platas Ruiz said these “map-stones” undoubtedly helped indigenous people to understand and facilitate the management of their territory and that they were a way of preserving knowledge from one generation to another at a time when writing did not exist.

 

Petroglyph used as a 'stone-map' over two thousand years ago, in Colima. (Rafael Platas Ruiz / INAH-Colima)

Petroglyph used as a 'stone-map' over two thousand years ago, in Colima. (Rafael Platas Ruiz / INAH-Colima)

 

Interpreting Ancient Stone Maps to Find Cosmological Beliefs

 

Rafael Platas Ruiz is known for his highly original “interpretation of volcanic carved maps.” In January 2018, Ancient Origins reported on a mysterious stone pond discovered at 13,000 feet on the side of Iztaccihuatl volcano in Mexico, that Ruiz identified as a “1,000-year-old map of the universe.”

At the Iztaccihuatl volcano site, known as “Nahualac,” INAH archaeologists unearthed decorative pieces of pottery with iconography associated with the rain god Tlaloc. Moreover, the specific placement of the stones surrounding the 1,000-year-old sacred structure reflected meso-American cosmological beliefs. This led researchers to conclude that this ancient shrine may have been based on the myth of the mythological Earth monster, “Cipactli,” that floated on primeval waters and then split itself in two, creating heaven and earth.

 

Archaeologist recovers pottery at Nahualac site, Mexico. (Isaac Gómez, cortesía Proyecto Arqueológico Nahualac, SAS-INAH.)

Archaeologist recovers pottery at Nahualac site, Mexico. (Isaac Gómez, cortesía Proyecto Arqueológico Nahualac, SAS-INAH.)

 

Pre-1600 Manuscripts Shed New Light on Pre-Hispanic Symbols

 

The two ancient maps mentioned above describe the layouts of ancient societies and cosmo-mythological realms. A 2016 Smithsonian article describes another priceless Mexican map: the digitized 400-Year-Old “Codex Quetzalecatzin,” dating back to the late 1500s that was acquired by the Library of Congress. Regarded as one of the most important surviving Mesoamerican manuscripts from the 16th century, the Codex Quetzalecatzin is a colorized map revealing detailed insights into life in Mesoamerica during the period of early Spanish colonization, featuring pre-Hispanic symbols for rivers, roads and pathways.

Fewer than 100 illustrated pre-1600 Mesoamerican manuscripts exist today, and for this reason the Codex Quetzalecatzin documents an important part of Mexican history by “capturing” the first interactions between Mesoamerican and European cultures. According to curator John Hessler in a blog post on the codex for the Library of Congress, “Codices such as these are critical primary source documents,” detailing the history and ethnography during the earliest periods of contact between Europe and the peoples of the Americas.

Since ancient maps offer important clues into how different cultures originated, and ultimately how cultures integrated and adapted to one another, the discovery of the recently interpreted volcanic rock map in Colima, dating from between 200 BC and 200 AD, can rightfully be described as archaeologically significant.

Top image: The ancient stone map dating back to 200 BC to 200 AD has been discovered in Colima, Mexico.         Source: INAH

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Ancient Settlement Network Found Mapped in Stone in Mexico | Ancient Origins (ancient-origins.net)

 

 

 

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Underground Mayan temple or secret vault? New discovery of archaeologists in Mexico

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Ihor Panchenko

News writer

Archaeologists have made an important discovery in the Mexican state of Campeche. During the excavation of the Maya ball field, researchers discovered an underground structure with painted walls.

Ivan Šprajc, an archaeologist from the Institute of Anthropological and Spatial Studies in Slovenia, who is leading the excavations, spoke about the discovery. According to him, the team discovered parts of an older building with painted walls. However, only further research will be able to reveal the full shape and purpose of this building.

Spreitz emphasized the importance of this discovery, noting that ball courts are usually found only in large Maya settlements that were centers of regional political organization. The National Institute of Anthropology and History of Mexico reports that the structure may date back to the Early Classic period (200-600 AD) and is covered with a layer of painted stucco.

Підземний храм мая чи таємне сховище? Нове відкриття археологів у Мексиці
Lidar image shows the area with the ball field where parts of the underground structure were found

Prior to the excavation, Spreitz and his colleagues surveyed a large area of the Maya lowlands with lidar, a technology that uses laser pulses to create detailed maps of the area. This allowed them to identify several ancient Maya settlements with the remains of residential buildings and temple pyramids.

In 2023, the team found the lost Mayan city of Okomtun, home to several large pyramids from the Classic Period (approximately 200-900 AD). The new find is located in a previously unexplored area south of Okomtun.

In addition, archaeologists have discovered another site with a square, a 16-meter-high pyramid, and a rectangular water tank. At the top of the pyramid, they found sacrificial offerings: ceramic dishes, a ceramic animal leg (possibly an armadillo), and a flint knife or spearhead.

 

Spreitz explained that these offerings were left on top of the temple in the late postclassical period (1250-1524), when the central Maya lowlands were already in political disarray. However, small groups of people still roamed the area, leaving offerings on the buildings of their ancestors.

These discoveries in Mexico are part of a broader trend of archaeological research in Latin America that continues to uncover the secrets of the region’s ancient civilizations. In parallel with the work in Campeche, important findings have been made in other parts of the continent.

In northwestern Peru, archaeologists discovered the ruins of 5000-year-old ceremonial temple and human remains under a sand dune. The site is located in the Zaña area and is part of the archaeological complex Los Paredones de la Otra Banda — Las Animas.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Underground Mayan temple or secret vault? New discovery of archaeologists in Mexico (itc.ua)

 

 

 

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Neural Pathways
Neural Pathways10 days ago (edited)
The Segovia aqueduct was constructed between the late 1st Century and early 2nd Century AD. Remarkably preserved, this monumental structure spans approximately 2,684 feet (818 meters) with 167 arches, the tallest of which rises about 28.5 meters (93.5 feet) high. Uniquely, it is assembled from around 20,000 dark Guadarrama granite blocks, laid without any mortar, showcasing the precision and durability of ancient Roman construction techniques.

 

 

 

 

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Why is the Aqueduct of Segovia famous?
 
 
 
Its elevated section, with its complete arcade of 167 arches, is one of the best-preserved Roman aqueduct bridges and the foremost symbol of Segovia, as evidenced by its presence on the city's coat of arms. The Old Town of Segovia and the aqueduct, were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Does the Aqueduct of Segovia still carry water?
 
 
 
Segovia aqueduct, water-conveyance structure built under the Roman emperor Trajan (reigned 98–117 ce) and still in use; it carries water 16 km (10 miles) from the Frío River to the city of Segovia, Spain.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Wikipedia

 

 

Aqueduct of Segovia - Wikipedia

 

 

 

 

 

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