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Culture & Groups indonesian ethnic groups

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josh avatar
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The Minangkabau are known as a society that places top priority in high education and thus they are widespread across Indonesia and foreign countries in a variety of professions and expertise such as politicians, writers, scholars, teachers, journalists, and businesspeople. Based on a relatively small population, Minangkabau is one of the most successful.[39] According to Tempo magazine (2000 New Year special edition), six of the top ten most influential Indonesians of the 20th century were Minang.[40] Three out of the four Indonesian founding fathers are Minangkabau people.[41][42]

Many of Minangkabau people held prominent positions in the Indonesian and Malay nationalist movement.[43] In 1920–1960, the political leadership in Indonesian was replete with Minangkabau people, such as Mohammad Hatta a former Indonesian government prime minister and vice-president, Agus Salim a former Indonesian government minister, Tan Malaka international communist leader and founder of PARI and MurbaSutan Sjahrir a former Indonesian government prime minister and founder of Socialist Party of IndonesiaMuhammad Natsir a former Indonesian government prime minister and founder of MasyumiAssaat a former Indonesian president, and Abdul Halim a former Indonesian government prime minister. During the liberal democracy era, Minangkabau politician dominated Indonesian parliament and cabinets. They were diversely affiliated to all of the existing factions, such as Islamist, nationalist, socialist and communist.

Nowadays, besides Chinese Indonesian, Minangkabau people have made significant contributions to Indonesia's economic activities. Minangkabau businessmen are also notable in hospitality sector, media industry, healthcare, publisher, automotive, and textile trading. Minangkabau businessmen also prominent in traditional Minangkabau cuisine restaurant chains in many cities of Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Australia. Notable successes include Abdul Latief and Basrizal Koto.

Historically, Minangs had also settled outside West Sumatra, migrating as far as the south Philippines by the 14th century. Raja Bagindo was the leader of the forming polity in SuluPhilippines, which later turned into the Sultanate of Sulu.[45] The Minangkabaus migrated to the Malay peninsula in the 14th century and began to take control of the local politics. In 1773 Raja Melewar was appointed the first head of state of Negeri Sembilan.

Minangkabaus have been filled many political positions in Malaysia and Singapore, namely the first President of Singapore, Yusof Ishak; the first Supreme Head of State (Yang di-Pertuan Agong) of the Federation of MalayaTuanku Abdul Rahman; and many of Malaysian government minister, such as Aishah GhaniAmirsham Abdul AzizAziz IshakGhazali Shafie and Rais Yatim. They are also great contributing on Malaysian and Singaporean socio-cultural, such as Zubir Said, who composed Majulah Singapura (the national anthem of Singapore); Wandly Yazid, the Singaporean musician; the Malaysian film director, U-Wei Haji Saari; the language expert, Zainal Abidin Ahmad; as well as business and economic activities, such as Mohamed Taib bin Haji Abdul SamadMokhzani MahathirKamarudin Meranun and Tunku Tan Sri Abdullah.

Notable people of Minangkabau descent outside of Malay world include member of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands, Rustam EffendiAhmad Khatib, the imam (head) of the Shafi'i school of law at Masjid al-Haram; and Khatib's grandson Fouad Abdulhameed Alkhateeb as Saudi Arabian ambassador.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minangkabau_people

Traditional House of Minang Kabau people

Wedding Costume

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Notable Person

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Muhammad Hatta/Indonesia's first vice president, later also serving as the country's prime minister. One of Indonesian Independence Proclamator

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Tunku Abdurrahman, Malaysian first prime minister and founding father

Yusof bin Ishak, First President of Singapore

Yusof Ishak (Singapore first President) and one of founding fathers

syaikh ahmad khatib al minangkabawi

Syek Ahmad Khatib (Masjidil Haram Imam) who taught Islam to 2 Indonesian biggest Muslim Organisation (NU and Muhammadiyah) founders.

Actor/Actress

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Nia Ramadhani

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Nina Zatulini

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Zaskia Meca

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Revalina S Temat

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Aliando Syarief

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Fedi Nuril

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Language
Not too different with Indonesian language as it is part of Malay language

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 kay
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@zexsypmp23 Indonesians looked like Filipinos mixed with Arabs.

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Ethnic groups in Indonesia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

There are over 300 ethnic groups in Indonesia. The largest ethnic group in Indonesia are the Javanese who make up about 40% of the total population. The Javanese are concentrated on the island of Java but millions have migrated to other islands throughout the archipelago because of the transmigration program.[1] The SundaneseMalay, and Madurese are the next largest groups in the country.[1] Many ethnic groups, particularly in Kalimantan and Papua, have only hundreds of members. Most of the local languages belong to Austronesian language family, although a significant number, particularly in Papua, speak Papuan languagesChinese Indonesians population makes up a little less than 1% of the total Indonesian population according to the 2000 census.[1] Some of these Indonesians of Chinese descent speak various Chinese dialects, most notably Hokkien and Hakka.

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Acehnese people

The Acehnese (also written as Atjehnese and Achinese) are an ethnic group from AcehIndonesia on the northernmost tip of the island of Sumatra. The area has a history of political struggle against the Dutch. Majority of the Acehnese people are Muslims.[7] The Acehnese people are also referred to by other names such as Lam MuriLambriAkhirAchinAsjiA-tse and Atse.[8][9] Their language, Acehnese, belongs to the Aceh–Chamic group of Malayo-Polynesianof the Austronesian language family.

A 14th century Suruaso inscription was found in Tanah Datar Regency (West Sumatra), and written in two languages, Old Malay and Tamil. Tamil merchants also assimilated with Acehnese people and do not practice Tamil culture or speak the Tamil language. Among the present day Acehnese can also be found descent from Arab and Turkish merchants.

The Acehnese were at one time Hinduised, as evident from their traditions and the many Sanskrit words in their language.[10] They have been Muslims for several centuries and are generally considered the most conservative Muslim ethnic group in Indonesia with the implementation of Sharia law in their home province of Aceh.[11][12] The estimated number of Acehnese ranges between 3,526,000 people[13] and at least 4.2 million people[14]

India
There are many of those who are of Indian descent in Aceh, which are closely linked to trading and the spreading of Hinduism-Buddhism and Islam[26] in Aceh. Those who are of Indian descent are mainly Tamils[27] and Gujarati people[28] which are found spread throughout the entire Aceh. Among some of the Indian people's influence on the Acehnese people includes the cultural aspects and physical attributes of part of the Acehnese people, as well as the variety in Acehnese cuisine that frequently utilizes curry.[29] The many names of countryside that are of Hindi language in origin (for example, Indrapuri, Aceh Besar) reflects the cultural heritage of Hinduism in the past.

Arab, Persia and Turkey
Most of the Arabs that migrated to Aceh came from HadhramautYemen. Among the immigrants are those of the al-Aydrus, al-Habsyi, al-Attas, al-Kathiri, Badjubier, Sungkar, Bawazier and other clans; all of which are Arabic clans that originated from Yemen.[31] They came as ulamas to spread Islam and as traders.[26] Seunagan district for an instance, is well known to this today for numerous of ulamas of the Sayyid descent, of which the local community would address them with the title Teungku Jet or Habib as a form of respect.[20]Similarly, some of the Sultan of Aceh are also descendants of Sayyid.[32] Many of their descendants today have intermarried with the natives Acehnese people and do no longer bear their clan names.

There are also those of Persian descent that generally came to spread religion and to trade,[26]while those of Turkish descent generally were invited as ulamas, weapon merchants, military trainers and soldiers of war for the Aceh Sultanate.[33][34] At present, people of Persian and Turkish descent in Indonesia are mostly scattered in Aceh Besar Regency. Names of Persian and Turkish heritage are still being used by Acehnese people to name their children. In fact, the word Banda in the name of Banda Aceh city is also a word of Persian language in origin (Banda means "port").

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acehnese_people

Traditional Home

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Cut Tari

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Risti Tagor

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Cut Keke

tengku firmansyah

Teuku Firmansah

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Language

Acehnese language falls under the Aceh–Chamic languages category, a branch of the Malayo-Polynesian languages from the Austronesian languages.[35] Languages that are closely related with the Acehnese language are Cham languageRoglai languageJarai languageRade languageChru languageTsat language, as well as other Chamic languages that are spoken in CambodiaVietnam and Hainan.[35] There are also loan words from Mon-Khmer languages which indicates that there are possibilities that the forebears of the Acehnese people might have lived in the Malay peninsula or Southern Thailand that borders with the Mon-Khmer speakers before migrating to Sumatra.[36]Vocabulary of the Acehnese language have been enriched by absorption from Sanskrit and Arabic language, especially in the field of religion, laws, governance, warfare, arts and knowledge.[37] For centuries, the Acehnese language have also absorbed a lot from the Malay language.[37] Malay language and Minangkabau language are related to the subsequent Aceh–Chamic languages; which falls together under the same category of Western Malayo-Polynesian languages.

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Javanese people

The Javanese people (Javanese: Ngoko: ꦮꦺꦴꦁꦗꦮ (Wong Jawa), Krama: ꦠꦶꦪꦁꦗꦮꦶ(Tiyang Jawi)[19]Malay (both Malaysian and Indonesian): Suku Jawa or Orang Jawa) are an ethnic group native to the Indonesian island of Java. With approximately 100 million people[citation needed] (as of 2011), they form the largest ethnic group in Indonesia. They are predominantly located in the central to eastern parts of the island. There are also significant numbers of people of Javanese descent in most provinces of IndonesiaMalaysiaSingaporeSurinameSaudi Arabia and the Netherlands.

The Javanese ethnic group has many sub-groups, such as the MataramCireboneseOsingTenggereseSaminNaganeseBanyumasan, etc.[20]

A majority of the Javanese people identify themselves as Muslims, with a minority identifying as Christians and Hindus. However, Javanese civilization has been influenced by more than a millennium of interactions between the native animism Kejawen and the Indian HinduBuddhist culture, and this influence is still visible in Javanese history, culture, traditions, and art forms. With a sizeable global population, the Javanese are considered significant as they are the fourth largest ethnic group among Muslims, in the world, after the Arabs,[21] Bengalis[22] and Punjabis.[23]

Traditional Costume

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sukarno medium

Soekarno (First President and proclamator)

200px President Suharto, 1993

Soeharto (Second President)

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Dian Sastrowardoyo

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Kristina Iswandari (Singer)

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Demian Aditya (Illusionist)

Language
Basa Jawa

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