what are Best DNA Tests and Ancestry Websites ?

@rambo

Interesting! I believe Sephardic-jewish ancestry was prevalent when the Spanish migrated to the New World. That's why Latinos will usually score more MENA/Ashkenazi/east-med on 23andme than those Spaniards from modern day Spain today.

This seems to be why Iberians in the NewWorld are phenotypically different from those in Spain today ......Source: www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-07748-z

East/South Mediterranean ancestry in the CANDELA dataset

SOURCEFIND finds that Sephardic/East/South Mediterranean ancestry is detectable in each country’s samples: Brazil (1%), Chile (4%), Colombia (3%), Mexico (3%) and Peru (2%). Altogether, ~23% of the CANDELA individuals show >5% of such ancestry (an average of 12.2%) (Fig. 1d) and in these individuals SOURCEFIND infers this ancestry to be mostly Sephardic (7.3%), with smaller non-Sephardic East Mediterranean (3.9%) and non-Sephardic South Mediterranean (1%) contributions. Individuals with Sephardic/East/South Mediterranean ancestry were detected across Latin America (Fig. 2c). It is possible that outliers with particularly high values of Sephardic/East/South Mediterranean ancestry are descendants from recent non-European immigrants. For 19 of 42 individuals with >25% Sephardic/East/South Mediterranean ancestry, genealogical information (up to grandparents) identified ancestors born in the Eastern Mediterranean (thus validating the SOURCEFIND inference). However, no recent immigration was documented for other individuals, including all Colombians with >5% Sephardic ancestry (despite these Colombians showing the highest estimated Sephardic ancestry across countries; ~10% on average, Fig. 1d). Furthermore, GLOBETROTTER estimates for the time since East/South Mediterranean admixture were not significantly different from those involving Iberian sources (Fig. 3c; Wilcoxon rank-sum test one-sided p-value > 0.1), consistent with most of this ancestry component being contributed simultaneously with the initial colonial immigrants.

...Jewish communities existed in Iberia (Sepharad) since roman times and much of the peninsula was ruled by Arabs and Berbers for most of the Middle Ages, by the end of which large Sephardic communities had developed33. Genetic studies have detected South and East Mediterranean ancestry in the current Spanish population, as well European admixture in the Sephardim34,35,36. The estimates of South/East Mediterranean ancestry in Latin Americans obtained here represent values over and above those present in the Iberian individuals we examined, suggesting colonial migration to Latin America involved people with relatively higher levels of South/East Mediterranean ancestry. Columbus’ arrival to the New World in the late 15th century coincided with the expulsion and forced conversion of Spanish Jews, with similar measures subsequently affecting Spanish Muslims. Although Christian converts were legally forbidden from migrating to the colonies, historical records (often from the Inquisition) document that some individuals made the journey33. Since this migration was mostly a clandestine process, its magnitude has been difficult to assess. Genetic studies have occasionally provided evidence that certain Latin American populations could have some Converso ancestry and this is at times supported by some historical evidence3,37,38. Our findings indicate that the signature of a colonial migration to Latin America of people with relatively high South/East Mediterranean ancestry is much more prevalent than suggested by these special cases, or by historical records.

Discussion

By leveraging information from shared haplotypes, here we infer the timings and proportions of ancestry contributions to Latin Americans since the colonial era. While previous work has suggested GLOBETROTTER’s inferred dates are robust to using different surrogates to the true ancestry sources27, inferred proportions of ancestry inevitably depend on which surrogate groups are used. In general our SOURCEFIND inference suggests that the reference populations included in this study are good surrogates of the true ancestral sources, as demonstrated by the preferential matching to specific geographic regions of Iberia (Fig. 2b) and the strong correspondence between geography and ancestry matching in the Native component (Fig. 2a). A caveat to this is that some of our reference Native groups evidenced strong genetic drift and SOURCEFIND inferred negligible contributions from such groups (Supplementary Table 7). Indeed if such drift is post-Columbian, the extant Native populations may not represent well the pre-Columbian Natives that admixed with immigrant settlers. DNA from the remains of pre-Columbian Native Americans could shed light on the extent to which this might be the case.

...A further complication is that some of the reference populations may have experienced admixture following the colonial period. For example, it is possible that the Iberian reference individuals examined here have less non-European (i.e. East/South Mediterranean and/or Sub-Saharan African) ancestry than individuals migrating to the Americas during the colonial period, due to more recent admixture with other Europeans. In this case SOURCEFIND may overestimate the contributions from the non-European groups. Because of this, estimates for each of the East/South /Mediterranean and African components should be interpreted as values over and above those present in the present-day Spanish/Portuguese reference individuals examined. As noted above, the similarity in inferred dates for admixture involving East/South Mediterranean versus Iberian ancestry furthermore suggests that the individuals carrying this excess East/South Mediterranean ancestry migrated to Latin America during the colonial period.

In conclusion, the results presented here exemplify how historical events have finely structured the genetic make-up of Latin Americans, and provide insights into the complicated dynamics and timescales of intermixing among different continental groups from the colonial-period up until recently. Our findings illustrate how genetic analyses can contribute to building a fuller picture of human history. This is particularly the case for poorly documented events such as the clandestine migration of recent Christian Conversos, of East/South Mediterranean ancestry, to colonial Latin America. Furthermore, our analyses show how regional genetic variation, subtly shaped by history, can impact on the genetic architecture of complex phenotypes across major geographic regions. We demonstrate how this regional genetic diversity can be analyzed in admixed individuals with ancestry from various sources; an encouraging result given the ubiquity of recent admixture in world-wide populations27,45. Our results underline the importance, for a fuller exploitation of genomic data, of a broader description of human genetic and phenotypic diversity than is currently available.

@rambo My dad scored Sephardic on Dr McDonald's test: https://imgur.com/a/SwpvW

McDonald has a special test which tests specifically for jewish ancestry

my mom&dad's updated BETA results:

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@elhartista

ur dad has 2.9 southern european and ur mom has 7%chinese. 

@elhartista

where is dr mcdonalds website?