Culture & Groups indonesian ethnic groups

Acehnese people

The Acehnese (also written as Atjehnese and Achinese) are an ethnic group from Aceh, Indonesia on the northernmost tip of the island of Sumatra. The area has a history of political struggle against the Dutch. Majority of the Acehnese people are Muslims.[7] The Acehnese people are also referred to by other names such as Lam Muri, Lambri, Akhir, Achin, Asji, A-tse and Atse.[8][9] Their language, Acehnese, belongs to the Aceh–Chamic group of Malayo-Polynesianof the Austronesian language family.

A 14th century Suruaso inscription was found in Tanah Datar Regency (West Sumatra), and written in two languages, Old Malay and Tamil. Tamil merchants also assimilated with Acehnese people and do not practice Tamil culture or speak the Tamil language. Among the present day Acehnese can also be found descent from Arab and Turkish merchants.

The Acehnese were at one time Hinduised, as evident from their traditions and the many Sanskrit words in their language.[10] They have been Muslims for several centuries and are generally considered the most conservative Muslim ethnic group in Indonesia with the implementation of Sharia law in their home province of Aceh.[11][12] The estimated number of Acehnese ranges between 3,526,000 people[13] and at least 4.2 million people[14]

India
There are many of those who are of Indian descent in Aceh, which are closely linked to trading and the spreading of Hinduism-Buddhism and Islam[26] in Aceh. Those who are of Indian descent are mainly Tamils[27] and Gujarati people[28] which are found spread throughout the entire Aceh. Among some of the Indian people's influence on the Acehnese people includes the cultural aspects and physical attributes of part of the Acehnese people, as well as the variety in Acehnese cuisine that frequently utilizes curry.[29] The many names of countryside that are of Hindi language in origin (for example, Indrapuri, Aceh Besar) reflects the cultural heritage of Hinduism in the past.

Arab, Persia and Turkey
Most of the Arabs that migrated to Aceh came from Hadhramaut, Yemen. Among the immigrants are those of the al-Aydrus, al-Habsyi, al-Attas, al-Kathiri, Badjubier, Sungkar, Bawazier and other clans; all of which are Arabic clans that originated from Yemen.[31] They came as ulamas to spread Islam and as traders.[26] Seunagan district for an instance, is well known to this today for numerous of ulamas of the Sayyid descent, of which the local community would address them with the title Teungku Jet or Habib as a form of respect.[20]Similarly, some of the Sultan of Aceh are also descendants of Sayyid.[32] Many of their descendants today have intermarried with the natives Acehnese people and do no longer bear their clan names.

There are also those of Persian descent that generally came to spread religion and to trade,[26]while those of Turkish descent generally were invited as ulamas, weapon merchants, military trainers and soldiers of war for the Aceh Sultanate.[33][34] At present, people of Persian and Turkish descent in Indonesia are mostly scattered in Aceh Besar Regency. Names of Persian and Turkish heritage are still being used by Acehnese people to name their children. In fact, the word Banda in the name of Banda Aceh city is also a word of Persian language in origin (Banda means "port").

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acehnese_people

Traditional Home

Cut Tari

Risti Tagor

Cut Keke

Teuku Firmansah

Language

Acehnese language falls under the Aceh–Chamic languages category, a branch of the Malayo-Polynesian languages from the Austronesian languages.[35] Languages that are closely related with the Acehnese language are Cham language, Roglai language, Jarai language, Rade language, Chru language, Tsat language, as well as other Chamic languages that are spoken in Cambodia, Vietnam and Hainan.[35] There are also loan words from Mon-Khmer languages which indicates that there are possibilities that the forebears of the Acehnese people might have lived in the Malay peninsula or Southern Thailand that borders with the Mon-Khmer speakers before migrating to Sumatra.[36]Vocabulary of the Acehnese language have been enriched by absorption from Sanskrit and Arabic language, especially in the field of religion, laws, governance, warfare, arts and knowledge.[37] For centuries, the Acehnese language have also absorbed a lot from the Malay language.[37] Malay language and Minangkabau language are related to the subsequent Aceh–Chamic languages; which falls together under the same category of Western Malayo-Polynesian languages.

Javanese people

The Javanese people (Javanese: Ngoko: ꦮꦺꦴꦁꦗꦮ (Wong Jawa), Krama: ꦠꦶꦪꦁꦗꦮꦶ(Tiyang Jawi)[19]; Malay (both Malaysian and Indonesian): Suku Jawa or Orang Jawa) are an ethnic group native to the Indonesian island of Java. With approximately 100 million people[citation needed] (as of 2011), they form the largest ethnic group in Indonesia. They are predominantly located in the central to eastern parts of the island. There are also significant numbers of people of Javanese descent in most provinces of Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Suriname, Saudi Arabia and the Netherlands.

The Javanese ethnic group has many sub-groups, such as the Mataram, Cirebonese, Osing, Tenggerese, Samin, Naganese, Banyumasan, etc.[20]

A majority of the Javanese people identify themselves as Muslims, with a minority identifying as Christians and Hindus. However, Javanese civilization has been influenced by more than a millennium of interactions between the native animism Kejawen and the Indian Hindu—Buddhist culture, and this influence is still visible in Javanese history, culture, traditions, and art forms. With a sizeable global population, the Javanese are considered significant as they are the fourth largest ethnic group among Muslims, in the world, after the Arabs,[21] Bengalis[22] and Punjabis.[23]

Traditional Costume

Soekarno (First President and proclamator)

Soeharto (Second President)

Dian Sastrowardoyo

Kristina Iswandari (Singer)

Demian Aditya (Illusionist)

Language
Basa Jawa