[URL="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320915864_Austronesian_influence_and_Transeurasian_ancestry_in_Japanese_A_case_of_farminglanguage_dispersal"]Austronesian influence and Transeurasian ancestry in Japanese: A case of farming/language dispersal[/URL] by Martine Robbeets
An interesting take by a renowned expert on Northeast Asian languages on Japanese ancestry, which is very similar to what I proposed in the following threads:
[URL="http://www.eastbound88.com/threads/56335-Early-Neolithic-Manchuria-Hongshan-culture-and-ancient-Korea"]Early Neolithic Manchuria, Hongshan culture and ancient Korea[/URL]
[URL="http://www.eastbound88.com/threads/55708-Are-Koreans-The-Master-Mogoloid-Race"]Are Koreans The Master Mogoloid Race?[/URL]
Simply put, majority of Northeast Asians are mostly descendents of demic diffusions from West Manchuria, starting with the Neolithic Xinglongwa culture to be more specific. This scenario best fits the archaeological, linguistic and genetic evidence in Northeast Asia. As I did, Robbeets proposes that West Manchuria beginning with Xinglongwa was home of the "Transseurasian" i.e. the Altaic sparchbund languages, which includes Koreanic, Japonic, Tungusic, Mongolic and Turkic. From this area, eastward migrants, Koreanic and Japonic, continued using millet agriculture whereas westward migrants, Mongolic and Turkic, were forced to use nomadic pastrolism due to desertification of the area. This cultural area was distinctively different from the cultures of central China, which consisted of Sinitic speakers. She then further goes to theorize that proto-Autronesians were originally from the Shandong peninsula, expanding southward to the Yangtze and Taiwan. The proto-Austronesians, from the Shandong peninsula, brought wet rice agriculture to the Koreanic-Japonic speakers at the Liadong peninsula. Then the Japonic speakers, who's had extensive interaction with the proto-Austronesians, migrated to the Korean peninsula, then to the Japanese islands.
The specifics like who inhabited the Korean peninsula first and when are befuddled, like Robeets claiming Mumun pottery culture was Koreanic, but another Japanese scholar claiming it was Japonic, but the general pictures seems to be consistent, that the Koreanic and Japonic peoples came from West Manchuria, where Mongolic and Tungusic, and maybe Turckic, also originated from.
Dispersal of Altaic peoples:
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Migration of Japonic peoples:
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"Transeurasian" language tree:
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Dispersal of Haplogroup O1b in Northeast Asia. O1b is a brother clade to O1a, a southeast Asian haplogroup, and also O1b itself has a subclade that is widely distributed in Southeast Asia. Northeast Asian variations of O1b possibly migrated north during early paleolithic times and remained a small minority group until it started exponental growth in West Manchuria. While O1b1a2 represents a general dispersion east and west, and O1b2 represents an eastward dispersion of Koreanic, Japonic and Tungusic peoples.
[B][SIZE=5]O1b1[/SIZE][/B]
[B]O1b1a1[/B]
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[B]O1b1a2[/B]
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[B][SIZE=5]O1b2[/SIZE][/B]
[B]O1b2a1[/B]
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[B]O1b2a2a[/B]
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[B]O1b2a2b[/B]
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[B]O1b2a3[/B]
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[B]O1b2b[/B]
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