Or, are they partly descended form Visigoths or Germans?
It seems to me they don't have any Viking element compared to a strong Viking presence in Anglo Saxons.
The Washington elite seem to have a racial affinity with Baltic countries Lativia, Lithuania and Estonia.
They are descended from Neolithic Farmers from Turkey, northern Syria, and from the Caucasus regions (Georgia and Armenia)
this is pretty amazing:
All three studies seem to support the history written by Herodotus. He wrote that Lydia, on the southern coast of Turkey, suffered from a long-running famine. After 18 years, the Lydian king divided the population by lot and sent half under the leadership of his son Tyrrhenus to look for a better life.
The Tyrrhenians sailed from Smyrna, now Izmir, and eventually landed at Umbria, where they established a prosperous and rather liberated society, Herodotus wrote in the 5th century BC.
Linguist Rex Wallace of the University of Massachusetts also points out that the Etruscan language is definitely not of Indo-European origin
Any guess on what language family the Etruscan language belongs to? Are there non-Indo-European words or features in Italian?
If they're from southern Turkey, and they were already advanced by 750BC, I would guess they're related to ancient Babylonians or one of the other mesopotanian cultures.
The ancestors of Italians are mostly Indo-European speakers (e.g. Italic peoples such as the Latins, Umbrians, Samnites, Oscans, Sicels and Adriatic Veneti, as well as Celts in the north and Iapygians and Greeks in the south) and pre-Indo-European speakers (the Etruscans and Rhaetians in mainland Italy, Sicani and ...
The study suggests the vast majority of immigrants to Rome came from the East. Of 48 individuals sampled from this period, only two showed strong genetic ties to Europe. Another two had strong North African ancestry. The rest had ancestry connecting them to Greece, Syria, Lebanon, and other places in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East.
Latins (Italic tribe)
- The Latins (Latin: Latini), sometimes known as the Latians, were an Italic tribe which included the early inhabitants of the city of Rome. ...
- The Latins were an Indo-European-speaking people who probably migrated into the Italian Peninsula during the late Bronze Age (1200–900 BC).
According to tradition, on April 21, 753 B.C., Romulus and his twin brother, Remus, found Rome.
Article
DNA Reveals Impact of Roman Empire on Genetic Ancestry (courthousenews.com)
This graph charts the historical and genetic events helped shaped by the Roman Empire. (Courtesy of study authors)
Article
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_history_of_Italy
Southern Italians are closest to the Greeks (as the historical region of Magna Graecia, "Great Greece", bears witness to), while the Northern Italians are closest to the Spaniards and southern French
(scroll 53 seconds into video)
Video
Genetic history of Italy | Wikipedia audio article - YouTube
Sardinians
A 2018 study by Llorente et al. found that the present-day Sardinians are the closest population to the genome of the West Eurasian backflow to the Horn of Africa in ancient times.[214] A 2019 study estimated that the current Sardinian genome derives roughly 62.5% from Neolithic Early European Farmers (EEF), 9.7% from the Mesolithic Western Hunter-Gatherers (WHG), 13.9% from ancestry related to Neolithic Iranians of Ganj Dareh (or also Caucasus-related ancestry) and, lastly, 10.6% from the Bronze Age Western Steppe Herders (WSH) of the Yamnaya culture.[215]
We find Sardinian samples show elevated levels of shared ancestry with Basque individuals, especially samples from the more historically isolated regions of Sardinia.
It seems Sardinians are the neolithic Europeans, before arrival of indo-aryans.
^these are the europeans without any indo-aryan/middle eastern influence.
Blue eyed europeans are indo-aryans?
According to the wiki, modern Italians near Rome don't have significant Germanic influence. They're the similar mix of Latins, middle easterners, and Greeks as it was during late antiquity.
Sardinians and Basque people bordering Spain and France and possibly others are among the neolithic Europeans.
I have visited Italy before, North Italians and Southern Italians can be easily identified from one another.
Sardinian people were not only on Sardinia Island but also on Italian Peninsula during Neolithic age but later on they were replaced by Indo-Europeans.