Twelve Thais have been killed and another 11 kidnapped by Palestinian Hamas militants who launched a mass assault from Gaza on Israel.
Another eight Thai nationals have been injured in the violence since Saturday, said Thailand's foreign ministry.
It said air force planes were on standby to fly its citizens home.
There are some 30,000 Thais in Israel working in agriculture, many near the Gaza border. Nepal said 10 of its citizens had been killed.
Other countries which have reported citizens killed, abducted or missing in the violence in Israel include the US, UK and Germany.
Thailand's labour minister Phiphat Ratchakitprakarn told AFP news agency that some 5,000 Thai labourers work in the zone where fighting has been taking place, but that Israeli forces had begun moving them to safety. He added that 1,099 workers have registered to return home.
Workers at a farm in Mivtahim, a town near the Gaza Strip, described Hamas militants storming their farm after rockets were fired in the early hours of Saturday.
"The Hamas militants fired a rocket first, then they stormed our farm. I had to run and hide in my bedroom," Udomporn Champahom told the BBC.
Mr Udomporn was later rescued by Israeli soldiers. He said that a fellow Thai who was with him at the time is recovering from a gunshot wound "as big as a bottle cap" on his leg.
Another Thai worker told the BBC: "I was running and crawling underneath a truck then the Hamas pulled me out and pointed the gun at me at point blank before firing to the ground." The worker, who declined to be named, later managed to escape.
Wanida Maarsa told BBC Thai that her husband Anucha Angkaew - who had been working on an avocado farm for almost two years - was one of those taken captive by the militants.
He appeared in a video Hamas put out over the weekend. "[The man in the video] is absolutely him," she said.
"I have not been able to contact him since 02:00 Bangkok time [19:00 GMT on Friday]. I talked to him just before our daughter went to sleep," Ms Wanida added.
More than 50 countries are thought to have citizens working inside Israel.
Nepal confirmed on Sunday that the 10 students who were killed had gone to Israel to work and acquire skills in an agricultural firm.
One of the victims was 27-year-old Rajesh Kumar Swarnakar, whose family are in mourning in their village Madhuwan in eastern Sunsari district.
Rajesh was a final year agriculture student who hoped to go to Australia, his brother Mukesh told BBC Nepali.
"I was not in favour of sending my brother to Israel. He insisted to us that he had received a scholarship and told us that he would save some money to apply for Australia after finishing the programme in Israel."
Their father Raj Kumar Swarnakar felt the Israeli authorities had been negligent in sending his son for training in an area prone to conflict.
In total Nepal says 265 of its students are working on various Israeli farms.
Seventeen students from Nepal's Far Western University were attacked by Hamas gunmen near Gaza. As well as the 10 killed, four are being treated at local hospitals and two have been rescued to Tel Aviv. One is still missing.
The Nepali embassy in Israel has said more than 200 Nepalese have filled out forms expressing a willingness to return home. In addition to those working in agriculture, another 4,500 Nepalis are reported to be working as caregivers in Israel.
Separately, India said that it is working "actively" to bring back its nationals in Israel. According to media reports, there are around 18,000 Indians living and working in the country.
